The Effect of Vaccine Mandates on Disease Spread: Evidence from College COVID-19 Mandates

Version 2.0
Acton, Riley K.; Cao, Wenjia; Cook, Emily E.; Imberman, Scott A.; Lovenheim, Micheal F., 2024, "The Effect of Vaccine Mandates on Disease Spread: Evidence from College COVID-19 Mandates", https://doi.org/10.15185/jhr2024.1, Research Data Center of IZA (IDSC), V2
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Description
The study examines the effect of college- and university-imposed COVID-19 vaccine mandates for students on county-level COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, deaths, and other health outcomes leveraging several rich sources of data.

The researchers obtain information on vaccine mandates for the fall 2021 semester, along with institutions’ semester start dates, mask mandates, and required COVID-19 testing policies from the College Crisis Initiative (C2i) at Davidson College. C2i’s staff collected vaccine mandate information through a combination of data-scraping and directly visiting colleges’ websites between July and August, 2021—just prior to the start of colleges’ fall semesters—with follow-up collection between October and November 2021.

The data are subsequently combined with institutional characteristics, including location, enrollment, and the distinction between public and private control, sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics’ Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). Additionally, the information is integrated with county-level COVID-19 case rates, vaccinations, hospitalizations, and mortality figures, which are publicly accessible through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

The researchers also acquire data on county test positivity rates from CovidActNow.org, data on doctors’ visits from insurance claims, and data on individual vaccination status from the Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey.

In addition, the researchers collect county-week-level data on per capita COVID-19 tests from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences’ COVID-19 Pandemic Vulnerability Index (PVI) and test positivity rates from CovidActNow.org.

Together, these data sources provide rich weekly information on public health outcomes at the local level throughout the summer and fall of 2021.
Subject Social Sciences
Keyword COVID-19, Educational Settings, Health Outcomes, Pandemic Management, Public Health, Spillover Effects, Vaccine Mandates
Notes The data that were collected by C2i: vaccine mandates, school opening dates, mask mandates, and testing policies are not publicly available. Interested researchers can request these data directly from C2i. All data and code except for the data collected by C2i are included in the replication package.
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